DAW
AUNG SAN SUU KYI (FREED)
NLD General
Secretary
Born: 19 June 1945
Organization: National League for Democracy (NLD)
Prison: House arrests in Rangoon |
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Daw Aung San Suu Kyi is the daughter of General
Aung San, considered the father of Burmese Independence.
• Between
1960 and 1988, she lived, worked, and studied
in India, the US, Bhutan, Japan, and England.
• On 1
April 1988, she returned to Burma to take care
of her sick mother. When nationwide mass demonstrations
for democracy started in August, she took a leading
role in the movement.
• On 24
September 1988, she became General Secretary of
the NLD. While serving in this position, she delivered
over a hundred public addresses, encouraging people
to fight for their rights, and toured the country
extensively.
• On 20
July 1989, she was placed under house arrest and
disqualified from running in the May 1990 elections.
• On 14
October 1991, the Nobel Committee awarded her
the Peace Prize. She was released on 10 July 1995.
• On 21
September 2000, the regime placed her under house
arrest again. She was released on 6 May 2002.
• On 30
May 2003, NLD members and supporters accompanying
her were attacked by pro-junta thugs near Depayin,
Sagaing Division. She was subsequently again placed
under house arrest.
• On 27
May 2008, the SPDC extended her house arrest by
another year. On 6 June, the SPDC indicated that
she could be detained up to 27 November 2009 under
the 1975 State Protection Law.
• On 14
May 2009, SPDC authorities took her from her residence
and detained her in Insein prison in connection
with the intrusion
of an American man, John Yettaw, into her compound.
• On 11
August 2009, following an 86-day sham trial, a
court in Insein prison sentenced her to three
years in prison and hard labor for allegedly violating
the conditions of her house arrest. SPDC Sr Gen
Than Shwe commuted the sentence to 18 months under
house arrest.
• She was
released on 13 November 2010.
For more information
on Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, please see the Daw
Suu watch section.
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TIN
OO (FREED)
NLD Deputy Chairman
Born: 3 March 1927
Organization: National League for Democracy (NLD)
Prison: House arrests in Rangoon |
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• Tin Oo is the Deputy
Chairman of the NLD and a retired Army general.
• He joined the Army
on 26 February 1946 in the Burma Rifle Battalion.
On 8 March 1974, he was promoted to the rank
of General and became Commander in Chief of
the Armed Forces.
• On 6 March 1976, he
was forced to retire from his position as Commander
in Chief of the Armed Forces. The reason was
believed to be his popularity among the Army’s
rank and files and the public.
• In September 1976 he
was arrested and tried for treason. On 11 January
1977, he was sentenced to seven years in jail.
In 1980, he was released under a general amnesty.
• On 2 September, 1988,
he became the NLD Deputy Chairman. On 20 July
1989, the regime placed him under house arrest.
• On 22 December 1989,
he was imprisoned for three years.
• On 30 May 2003, he
was taken into detention along with Daw Aung
San Suu Kyi following the Depayin massacre and
was initially held in prison in Kale, Sagaing
Division.
• In February 2004, he
was brought back to Rangoon and placed under
house arrest under Article 10(b) of the 1975
State Protection Law.
• Tin Oo’s detention
has been extended several times since 2005.
On 20 February 2009, the SPDC extended his house
arrest by another year.
• He was released on
13 February 2010.
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WIN
TIN (FREED)
Writer and journalist
Born: 12 March 1930
Organization: National League for Democracy (NLD)
Prison: Insein (Rangoon) |
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• Win Tin was Burma’s
longest serving political prisoner. On 4 July
2008, he marked 19 years in jail.
• In 1957, he was one
an editor at the Keymon [The Mirror] newspaper.
He later became the chief editor of the Hanthawaddy
newspaper.
• He was arrested in
June 1989. Three months later, he was sentenced
to three years in prison.
• In June 1992, a few
months before his prison term was due to expire,
he was again tried and sentenced to an additional
11 years in jail.
• In 1996, he was sentenced
to another seven years in prison for attempting
to inform the United Nations about human rights
violations and detention conditions in Burma’s
prisons.
• On 22 January 2008,
he was taken from his cell and admitted to Rangoon
general hospital. Two days later he underwent
a hernia operation.
• On 12 March 2008, he
urged the SPDC to convene the Parliament.
• He continues to suffer
from respiratory problems and severe asthma
attacks.
• He was released on
23 September 2008.
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SU
SU NWAY (FREED)
Human rights activists
Born: 1971
Organization: National League for Democracy (NLD)
Prison: Khamti (Sagaing Division) |
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• Su Su Nway is the first
Burmese citizen to have successfully brought
charges against local regime officials for forced
labor practices. She filed a complaint after
she was forced, along with other villagers,
to work on road construction project by local
SPDC authorities. Her forced labor complaint
led to three SPDC officials in Htan Manaing
village, Kawmoo Township, Rangoon Division,
receiving prison sentences of between 8 to 16
months on 31 January 2005.
• In late April 2005,
the same officials that had been convicted on
forced labor violations in January filed charges
that she had obstructed them in the performance
of their official duties. On 30 June 2005, the
Kawmoo Township Court charged her with allegedly
using abusive language and threatening the Htan
Manaing SPDC village authorities.
• On 18 October 2005,
she was sentenced to 18 months in jail and detained
in Insein prison. Prison officials confiscated
her heart medication. On 4 January 2006, she
was hospitalized at the prison’s clinic.
On 6 June 2006, the SPDC released her from prison.
• On 15 May 2007 she
was arrested along with other activists while
they were on their way to pray for the release
of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in Rangoon. Following
her arrest, she was hospitalized at the Muslim
Free Hospital in Rangoon. She was freed on 7
June.
• On 28 August 2007,
pro-junta thugs attacked her while she demonstrated
against the regime along with other NLD members
in Rangoon’s Hledan Township.
• On 13 November 2007,
she was arrested for putting up anti-junta posters
in Rangoon’s Bahan Township. She was detained
in Insein prison. In late January 2008, the
SPDC filed criminal charges against her.
• On 5 July 2008, she
was put in solitary confinement following an
argument with Insein prison officials.
• On 11 November 2008,
she was sentenced to 12 years and six months
in prison and subsequently transferred from
Insein prison to Kale prison in Sagaing Division.
In February 2009, her prison sentence was reduced
to eight years and six months. On 6 August 2009,
she was transferred to Khamti prison in Sagaing
Division.
• She has a heart condition
and prison authorities have repeatedly denied
her adequate medical attention, included needed
medications and regular checkups.
• She was released on
12 October 2011.
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MIN
KO NAING (FREED)
Student activist
Born: 18 October 1962
Organization: 88 Generation Students
Prison: Thayet (Magwe Division) |
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• In 1988, Min Ko Naing
played an active role during the nationwide
uprising against the military regime as a Rangoon
University student. He formed and organized
the All Burma Federation of Student Unions (ABFSU),
a nationwide student union to oppose decades
of illegitimate military rule.
• On 28 August 1988 he
was elected Chairperson of the All Burma Federation
of Student Unions (ABFSU).
• He organized a “civil
disobedience” movement to protests the
military regime’s Order 2/88, which forbids
gatherings of more than four people.
• On 23 March 1989 military
authorities arrested him for repeatedly violating
Order No 2/88. He was detained in solitary confinement
in Insein prison.
• On 17 December 1991,
he was sentenced to 20 years in jail under Section
5(j) of the 1950 Emergency Provisions Act. His
sentence was commuted to 10 years under a general
amnesty in January 1993.
• On 21 July 1999, he
was charged under Article 10(a) of the 1975
State Protection Law.
• He was released on
19 November 2004. After his release SPDC authorities
repeatedly harassed him. During the first week
of December 2004, state-run newspapers ran several
publications detailing his activities, highlighting
connections with diplomats including their private
conversations. The regime stepped up surveillance
near his residence and military intelligence
agents constantly monitored him.
• On 27 September 2006,
the SPDC arrested him together with four other
former student leaders. On 2 November 2006,
the police chief accused them of accepting money
from the British and American embassies for
a bomb attack. He was charged under Article
5(j) of the 1950 Emergency Provision Act at
Rangoon’s Bahan Township court. He was
released on 11 January 2007.
• On the night of 21
August 2007, SPDC authorities arrested him in
connection with the demonstrations protesting
increased fuel prices in Rangoon. He was detained
in Insein prison.
• The SPDC charged him
under Law 5/96. The regime has used Law 5/96,
which carries a penalty of up to 20 years’
jail, to imprison activists who criticize the
constitution-drafting process. The SPDC also
charged him for violating the Printing and Publishing
Act.
• On
29 October 2008, he was sentenced to six months
in prison for contempt of court.
• On
31 October 2008, he was transferred from Insein
prison to Maubin prison in Irrawaddy Division.
• On
11 November 2008, he was sentenced to 65 more
years in prison and subsequently transferred
from Maubin prison to Kengtung prison in Shan
State.
• On
16 November 2011, he was transferred to Rangoon's
Insein prison and subsequently to Thayet prison,
Magwe Division.
• He suffers from a serious
eye problem and has been denied medical treatment.
• He was released on
13 January 2012.
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KO
KO GYI (FREED)
Student activist
Born: 18 December 1961
Organization: 88 Generation Students
Prison: Mai Sat (Shan State) |
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•
On 15 March 1988, Ko Ko Gyi, a student in his
final year at Rangoon University, led a peaceful
strike at the university campus with many fellow
student leaders.
• He became
actively involved in the 8-8-88 uprising. On 28
August 1988 he was appointed Vice-Chairman of
the All Burma Federation of Student Unions (ABFSU).
• On 11
December 1991, the regime arrested him for participating
in a student gathering at Rangoon University to
honor the Nobel peace prize awarded to Daw Aung
San Suu Kyi. He was sentenced to 20 years in jail
with hard labor and detained in the Insein prison.
On 17 March 2005, he was released from prison.
• On 27
September 2006, the regime detained him and other
student activists. He was charged under Article
5(j) of the Emergency Provision Act at Rangoon’s
Bahan Township court. He was released on 11 January
2007.
• On 21
August 2007, SPDC authorities arrested him and
other student activists for their involvement
in the anti-junta demonstrations sparked by the
SPDC’s fuel price hike on 15 August. He
was detained in Insein prison.
• The SPDC
charged him under Law 5/96. The regime has used
Law 5/96, which carries a penalty of up to 20
years’ jail, to imprison activists who criticize
the constitution-drafting process.
• On 29
October 2008, he was sentenced to six months in
prison for contempt of court.
• On 31
October 2008, he was transferred from Insein prison
to Maubin prison in Irrawaddy Division.
• On 11
November 2008, he was sentenced to 65 more years
in prison and subsequently transferred from Maubin
prison to Kengtung prison in Shan State and then
to Mai Sat prison, Shan State.
• He suffers
from gastro-intestinal problems.
• He was
released on 13 January 2012. |
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U
GAMBIRA (FREED)
Monk
Born: 19 June 1979
Organization: All-Burmese Monks Alliance (ABMA)
Prison: Myaungmya (Irrawaddy Division) |
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• U Gambira is the leader
of the All-Burmese Monks Alliance (ABMA). ABMA
took a leading role in the September 2007 nationwide
anti-junta demonstrations.
• At the age of 12, he
was forcibly recruited in a military unit in
Rangoon. His parents managed to have him discharged
and subsequently sent him to a monastery to
be a novice.
• In 2005, he started
campaigning among monks against the military
regime.
• He went into hiding
following the SPDC’s crackdown on the
monks-led peaceful September 2007 protests.
• On 4 November 2007,
SPDC authorities in Sagaing Township, Sagaing
Division, arrested him.
• In January 2008, he
was charged under Section 17/1 of the Unlawful
Associations Act, which carries a maximum sentence
of three years in jail.
• On 14 March, he was
put in solitary confinement in Insein prison
for chanting metta, a Buddhist prayer for loving
kindness.
• On 18 and 21 November
2008, he was sentenced to a total of 68 years
in prison and subsequently transferred from
Insein prison to Khamti prison in Sagaing Division.
• In May 2009, it was
reported that he had been transferred to Kale
prison, Sagaing Division.
•In June 2009, a court
in Insein prison reduced his prison sentence
from 68 to 63 years.
•On 16 November 2011,
he was transferred to Rangoon’s Insein
prison and subsequently to Myaungmya prison,
Irrawaddy Division.
• He was released on
13 January 2012.
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HKUN
HTUN OO (FREED)
Elected Member of Parliament
(MP)
Born: 11 September 1943
Organization: Shan Nationalities League for Democracy
(SNLD)
Prison: Taungoo (Pegu Division) |
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• Hkun Htun Oo is the
Chairman of the Shan Nationalities League for
Democracy (SNLD). He is an SNLD Elected Member
of Parliament from Hsipaw Township (1), Shan
State.
• On 7 February 2005,
SPDC authorities arrested him together with
nine other Shan leaders for participating in
a gathering and creating an “illegal”
organization. They were subsequently prosecuted
under Law 5/96 for initiating political discussions
about the National Convention.
• On 3 November 2005,
a court in Insein prison sentenced him to 93
years in jail. He was later transferred to Putao
prison in Kachin State.
• In June 2007, he expressed
his strong opposition to the SPDC’s National
Convention.
• On 16 November 2011,
he was transferred to Taungoo prison, Pegu Division.
• His prostate problems
have worsened since the end of 2007. He also
suffers from diabetes, heart disease, and high
blood pressure.
• He was released on
13 January 2012.
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MAY
WIN MYINT (FREED)
Elected Member of Parliament
(MP)
Born: 8 March 1950
Organization: National League for Democracy (NLD)
Prison: Insein (Rangoon) |
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• May Win Myint is an
Elected Member of Parliament from Rangoon’s
Mayangone Township (2) in the 1990 elections.
• In 1976, she received
a medical degree from the Rangoon Institute
of Medicine.
• In December 1995, she
was one of the NLD delegates to walk out of
the National Convention.
• On 28 October 1997,
she was arrested following an attempt by the
NLD to hold a meeting with Daw Aung San Suu
Kyi. She was sentenced to seven years in jail
and detained in Insein prison.
• On 2 February 2005,
she was given a one-year extension despite having
completed her prison sentence.
• Her sentence has been
extended by consecutive one-year terms.
• She suffers from high
blood pressure and heart disease.
• She was released on
23 September 2008.
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HTIN
KYAW (FREED)
Political activist
Born: 1963?
Organization: Myanmar Development Committee (MDC)
Prison: Khamti (Sagaing Division) |
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• Htin Kyaw is a former
NLD youth member. He was forced to resign from
the party as a result of pressure from his employer.
In 2003, he quit his job to return to political
activism.
• In 2006, he and other
activists formed the Myanmar Development Committee
(MDC). They group’s activities aimed at
denouncing the regime’s policies and mismanagement
of the economy.
• On 6 March 2007, he
was briefly detained in connection with a 22
February demonstration in Rangoon which called
for improved health care and education, better
pension benefits, and lower prices for food
staples.
• On 8 March, SPDC Special
Branch police arrested him soon after a press
conference held at the residence of veteran
politician Win Naing to brief journalists about
the deteriorating socio-economic situation in
Burma. He was released on 9 March.
• On 22 March, police
rearrested him for staging a solo protest calling
for religious freedom in front of Rangoon’s
Hledan market. SPDC authorities had earlier
prevented him from serving as a monk at a monastery
in Rangoon. He was released on 23 March.
• On 22 April, he was
arrested after staging his third protest against
high commodity prices. He was released on 27
July.
• On 25 August, he was
arrested after a demonstration at Theingyi market
in Rangoon’s Latha Township. He was detained
in Insein prison and charged with Act 505(B)
for Conducting to Public Mischief and Oppositions
and Act (124).
• In March 2008, Insein
prison authorities placed him in solitary confinement
in the dog kennels after he shouted political
slogans against SPDC leaders and the junat’s
constitutional referendum.
• On 17 November 2008,
he was sentenced to 12 years and six months
in prison.
• He was released on
13 January 2012.
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